ࡱ> dfca jbjbtt g984P'x||||___"'$'$'$'$'$'$',)R+NP'_="___P'||e'_F||"'$_"'%"'l CF"&"'{'0'6&+-+-("' D  Internet Society of Australia A Chapter of the Internet Society ABN 36 076 406 801 C/- Maddocks, Level 21 Angel Place 123 Pitt Street, Sydney NSW 2000 Accounts: P.O. Box 351, Glenorie NSW Australia 2157  Monday 23 October 2007 ALAC Members and the GNSO Working Group The Internet Society of Australia (ISOC-AU) welcomes this opportunity to provide comments on the Generic Names Supporting Organisations (GNSO) Recommendations for the introduction of new generic Top-Leval Domains. ISOC-AU is a non-profit society founded in 1996 which promotes the Internet development in Australia for the whole community private, academic and business users: the Internet is for everyone! ISOC-AU is a chapter of the worldwide Internet Society and is a peak body organisation that takes a users perspective and draws on the deep technical understanding of our members. We have a longstanding and ongoing commitment to the effective representation of these interests in self-regulatory processes in the telecommunications, domain name and Internet-related services industries. In general, we support the GNSO Final Reports Recommnedations, which provide open, transparent processes in the provision of new Domain Names, and give ICANN an important role in oversight of the operational and technical issues raised with the introduction of new generic Top-Level Domains. We are concerned, however, that four of the Recommendations give ICANN roles outside of its jurisdiction, and well beyond its operational and technical competence. Our comments on those recommendations are as follows: Recommendation Three: Strings must not infringe the existing legal rights of others that are recognized or enforceable under generally accepted and internationally recognized principles of law. Examples of these legal rights that are internationally recognized include, but are not limited to, rights defined in the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industry Property (in particular trademark rights), the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) (in particular freedom of expression rights). Recommendation Six: Strings must not be contrary to generally accepted legal norms relating to morality and public order that are recognized under international principles of law. Examples of such principles of law include, but are not limited to, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) and the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, intellectual property treaties administered by the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) and the WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS). Both of these recommendations suggest ICANN should be given the power to make judgments about matters of complex domestic and international law. ICANN has neither the expertise nor the jurisdiction to make such judgments and both of these recommendations should be deleted. Recommendation Eight: Applicants must be able to demonstrate their financial and organisational operational capability. The recommendation logically flows from one the the Reports principles that an applicant must have the capability to meet its obligations. However, this Recommendation does not confine the query to an applicants capability in relation to their application for a Domain Name, and potentially allows scrutiny of applicants beyond what is necessary to determine their ability to meet their Domain Name obligations. We would recommend that the wording be amended to read capability to meet their obligations in relation to their Domain Name(s). Recommedation Twenty: An application will be rejected if an expert panel determines that there is substantial opposition to it from a significant portion of the community to which the string may be explicitly or implicitly targeted. This recommendation, again, extends ICANNs role well beyond its area of competence, and begs far too many questions. Who would comprise the expert panel; who determine what substantial opposition might be, or even that it may arise; what is meant by a significant portion of the community, and what comprises the community referred to? The Internet community comprises far too wide a range of cultures, religious and philosophical beliefs, and social norms to allow any one expert panel sit in judgment on such issues. The Reports principles include the following: The string evaluation process must not infringe the applicant's freedom of expression rights that are protected under internationally recognized principles of law. Establishing an expert panel to determine substantial opposition from a significant portion of the community had the very real potential to infringe those very rights. This recommendation should be deleted. The Internet Is For Everyone http://www.isoc-au.org.au  ACUWm{°›vavaYD1$hud5CJOJQJ\aJmH sH (hx hud5B* CJOJQJaJphAjhudU(hMhud5B* CJOJQJaJph`j"hud5B* CJOJQJaJph`j%hMhudB* CJOJQJaJph`j(hMhudB* CJOJQJ\aJph`j#hMhud5B* OJQJ\ph`jhMhudB* OJQJph`j+hMhud5B* CJOJQJ\aJph`jhx hudOJQJjhudUmHnHuW{3 4 Z [ 6 7 tv* 1$7$8$H$gdud1$7$8$H$gdudgdudO^Ogdud;^;gdud7 Ja;ɺrV8V8V-hv3hudOJQJ:hudhud56B* CJOJQJ\^JaJmH ph`jsH 7hudhud5B* CJOJQJ\^JaJmH ph`jsH "hudhud56CJOJQJaJ 6hudhud56B* CJOJQJ\aJmH ph`jsH 3hudhud5B* CJOJQJ\aJmH ph`jsH h. hudCJOJQJaJ 7hS, hud5B* CJOJQJ\^JaJmH ph`jsH 3hbhud5B* CJOJQJ\aJmH ph`jsH *+JK^`a  :;gdudgdud$a$gdudgdudgdud п hMhud5B* OJQJph`j#hMhud56B* OJQJph`j3hbhud5B* CJOJQJ\aJmH ph`jsH hud10P:pud/ =!n"#$%F: 3;Fy86JFIF,,C     C   " }!1AQa"q2#BR$3br %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz w!1AQaq"2B #3Rbr $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ?S(((((( .#E$ݰ;k>FiVΥh-ŬR%a,#Qt55t5gZ%H{6YHݷj _~auwv#)#h䌟#888=pq:%{IA;1Ep/j3jZ_[tc%yk[ٮÞ(Ҽ][k=Zp⸉SF<9̛ȕ h.5[iL,niZ$mx)OS4%5uQQYQEQQEQEQEQEQEQEQEQEQHHM2zP^cL6\[jzZuEkAwns|Tt#ѴKGKq{ykfQUVOA?i]跳rזqV bTGmei#H3 0 FHfxr'W,;'wi7ϸN08+/>Z75{{mCU޳e@;h0Fdw˟r`U 4߄8GTPBEs$yb͵@ $;֊~G q]%z^lj:PxQØI+ӿgf?hLd[|ؠ(8ڽ~ M,X3 ȅ`NpAZ? u4Hѻ'hjP% Cj?*xԋ, pC̔1R̿t8 JޗchuMfa@$fR7GAzOş|@_kopx#3 ZmZσ–Z Иwep0n~sDh[|ʯ¼QyG߱-ᾍv{K;AnTUŝ"_EzᅷŸcjl_3PgrOO1kдMCQ<dۦ%ڥckZQtO7_xNoN|{⻿0Ե _6tjFs)@qǠ5x{Zo{m[GQӮWtW>` PAukk^O؉BbLJO1~˺H pzY/~<# |KDkALvilĞ0r}HkejQn]4kw95Zgx/>km";nK;JD|K 3((((((ɾ7|;߇Uöf}T=sˀpxb1'"{.mg= SyW(0,:V5ƒUe$0W?k 4^2sn.ou TPYmW-K%u~c9Zqv~O|S/nԷXR)cdDE9o|+񮽦38KK 2*–n>U`"40ӼQ&eel#Lϒѫ3s*tyw鱦+2J+Yۙu^NI--РHa!P['$NO4ޗԩ:~EFaEPEPEP5q·ZSxoIWWe0\וOs}o4ˏiuZYk$*! 8NTr0sAYʚ:P2wkϔ-|ik7?}jf ;l=23P u~|iVXG,?9.K @`22kڼgo kdԬ2MW ws^W7hπ|7':u/χмi}h{O4600vFA5冏x'Ju4z(<((('0|8ѭ!kzb8/ܞ}֕9Uwg&+O FUWՆʷw֬tM*?L:,Ȍ2NAо%SIrݎIMv? -_ 5xK1'Nwܫܨޠg#0挮ϊŴUPN}ov:.m &R͵'U FmђR[1hEQ@Q@Q@Q@Q@Q@V]yD%FO2&*둌v"@\ŭƞ<%Ow̛"E [N0~bx~g_i~ tK   BfWl2Ҿ6oj5kZi)CD*5~I/g[]2Ytج $9R9_PkT=GKKNu1ZZ+WtMHmGI=GO៌|7N}im rFwdG?r+VC> ڭ5 gcnr2U*8'o7ZKxc6\Gy!tpɇD>Tp 8xyIt}CƦ+tW~]Oz+gavZK]J wVSW8<08`5ޝ򳋄e(HQEQE#}v~5xc[[A7zQVV }+O&ĿEz(B._(0v3s9ҧ6oKb>MwXгI'U-{\Ɖw iX7pƀ1k7\I/53DQ Mf~jY>xbF2pY@ OV'!nv-SZƧ7Zpۥϻ½> UݑsO?eHŏ[>/j0*5ο KiXdxF Q_OoxR_>4}CSFpٖp/՘(,@`N@(#,y UEJy[(, - [CfXK 4cxŚOt k[K :wI3'9$$ WI])F:lE|^u^VwqS9`_BE"0taX=j!R5>siWQEQEOҖP'EJ?)uT7Gvg>#CG.sWJH _)QxgpvZ짝yg~SZѐ$EKp2_Q \r U/'aBO)ՌlIV:jr{mqsmd~>U;HnAn5V.'6O ._4|e^κyV:c|jǝ2O dOڷJk]+S6XP/Pzt`u!Lմ]FLY=a)wz6^Ƶ\5[Z,6cJg'~#xc6_u5>ZHZ"uyy0G )5@TN=F&Uio$U,sի*0pz#'7ĿAf/rdZ&~UHR}6Tgg$xkFLG rI ׃zڶw}p.eyry,XdZhIoz\KwhN:P8WWZ;<5Mz?ػϏi ͧm@((b;pI_WvXMmqE<.pU =AߚR45XuQ OǷ\uYIIiۡ|4+qɌ4eO٤"EA_Ygk; {&}u s<3 ^>_'@ޫ+ei-!o\rWiu=쪻Op~!3ҙm-Oʬ0+7Սz5Gk^,kIenn$n*A* ˜AVigV2K#fnIbrI9ԏ&yy5wcqF9{:uXήos¿ = .lc=p@8?/?%5l[9IB 2Բb21M~h1tzxoowQݓe"8en <|FƲEj\JYGqR4'=VK:kBZ}FV@ }5T*)^(bWҾO[+OMK}B&[d$H;1lqs^MS.on`3A Ȑ`3ӡTfmBU>QY̞}ZEHm#,>#P>xcMIѴӠ|p3kÓa(/d.ZXFgf]'қ?.m} :A̷ńO,qZV;Mb*Q'v>Rnfk[_Y\Gwgq аde##k>MhQER7?JZF@(~(j Q ߉A%_s*?#X3~h >}EW?5uW÷ -]xDIow+fKL*He<ƾn~!A{i9R#jxbέ=?+ V8ߋz& +]}C1??{هO_kg~:1,??UFn߉ԚƿN]>?6/#L<)lWgah?i5 M]ql݃SsmC Jx~;+O o~ӚC>U̯? #" zOo/9- kzA˾~?{wxw_%+ 0\ީ?Wncx=/OIEEPEPMeH#Q@>>7O_"AY01e$di N?h{]z$^e QFjՏ5} ^Ӯ5 ,"Fq@s~85 G9Mw/ i 햇u'* $Iԍ9n~kZ53SOt*A+>,\i6%BY"JL{`F} 5o}{úLؤ%]z"6ࢿ?}'pVv O#Ȭ8`Yc]xyS [\-a-}]  "n4A0_?c/'ҕ<ƾ.mz|s/~,'/Dv޷rYQY\X]o)cnMjk+7~s_@9k㯁eix)cʰ) wq?4)|'=F 3Ns]]H$L H=\]\=|S5ǸTv[5Oϋ;ytC.䁜\Wo&;隔 ;XŤۏE]kdf >~еMWSծblYV xxH Ω{zb;9]x:fbeu 9-$2Ey0j')OT% GN:&XiZ[oTPz֫P((nM#)OJeVg6p܅E':P[׃|K}[YkC%ml)$d⯈ھeueKyg1pÒbGcxwG.yXD6'4h簍kcǞV" %F$ # y:N^ռMQ~(sIwE۾u&)hD(o~Oҁ=/PQaK?A?뵇=|1J?)uT7GvgyO׫O~0|-2;|%b9rJ_u`3k|uχMbӣ‚a8DǸ@"rqaxg4[sO'>E *8>^Fۣ3,X+ nKG0wv'U@$` w7lܕREK^߅2𖝥]`?2\8I0KݎCkZՏ?eK߃eόYmjy0Y> XRG`>⓭IU> Mhmق_?gF!~9h q~d$Íy:Wc2FHz_>Ŧxº~pQvctj+ tW$Y2Ov~!fI!F<^<~#c- u-]VF{.H)ae'g^BR!M.3Eӭ4:,XbAS0\SGbetxOo|5h:EuZĿŠ02{xSQI- ['լ`5K)*(2Ap_漗߲Zo%i-$$q>^5t|c}j'_l=f}G\mY=n:JN7 n3~ xJ/li=mN(oj?7Pk?zʹzck7:a<h'rmzaWx~#htEƧ]qJ"qVs-"~I/__#l?hoxZ~gjeP3URkTt;JFYZ@9A៉.O+;dnK2$Us~?ޚkx& {Ucƣr쐸પd#T>17 $~)KȆO B~ Nj|/gċٯ"Yӡ3n(3c hm?Gxܤ:ݦ90_D1o־l D2ɾQ4M% g#/P׿g5/|?u/DbhBșld>AxGZnLj}\ #>#9KVTq8;3޾5k7;-{p<(;W"?b5 H~5?p_ M_GשC);;zwǿ>.xo:LҬنe rq~I~ȿq2Wvp*rELM:wgS>f^5V֛᛿*SGF C;sB-ni-e)J7kdž~ >$bG˫4?..6tI[+>Q^ x;⟁[v;InIE&6I˒A Wtq=IV^:(<(( ٗNw=q3$N:Mt a?ݧ; vQ W;w`s(j՛R̢/Z<{_tuҼQ[JjE89GN uTLѤ>Zտ^kKI G0Hqx˹tF]SZZ eI ؜ҼVLI.L1q}#m]FsSi_٫ĬО~ k¾pj>j𭦛 +vM)P9*^%|mRwVNJR?He`X~%|mj{6_!+_(5mWtU8N;&Jm%"xD_!u~Aٟ?R?+olz׼Hwk %^+Fz?dJZAҖB=0((/VHѝ $>/|Gǿi7~!𶛠\<,z+$N8ڮ@$ XU्WV׷/ ׌5-Ӽh&imB# ,H;7JZVLRDPل1!b;Guw~j c^.7~!4#qr'";g;A^yݑQExAEPEP RqA_+凉4ZB)AP t}b31Ƭ ^F͏H_ ?"'{kC|?Ҍ/˟_ ݴk}A&I@Uz3v_ķ=,<ҲK1į_RrK~K{O %Qu}+l9Z_7?ZdZcoh5YZ$B FW om1^ M~XAim [AQUE@ /2+;E*jxGŚ4{#ɽȱ3_9WfpLgTU[XjXZх%eoԚ啑= }`/NɫHO脯?p_ M^kWh?d_8+W'%~H03 G%ÿ_5x7O-Z) |?ö?=k_SgKH:RGQE6 &DԳ#UrI=#^2|s[&hic@I xRcv M͍AM9ӌ2tqۊSQo졆[N~/g+;"//,.i-wk .yz:a$0FϽ?x5! R J&)WHN_ /ag*[\Ev (鏛;sSǞ׿f~Y;"L쌒 {"6{EJ5_]&ߟGٞ_L o5}gw,+jׅsmZf8'`su}sR'uMSM=ڙ18mr;]cDMZU4QEg0QEQEz߉?WZZcAk" Mzޮ7fsסONn_Ǿt?׺Qtwr?N$[[@rXϯ(Vd;On'#y.5_ wvpKwew6agm^:q%-V won\Goj$v8 rO`3¿cA_H A5n||S5iWE5+F{$09e$59VaK B*3?-4>_Rn5 #z;_$-o^NyxR6<܀p yEqfUg^jY5+~> J 45o&g!?eA|=WkL7VMTftW`?뙯̠ӥG?Df0rFzu?ö?=kSLr՛iV2m]?dJZAҖI=`(3F:' B;.+PXP|K7]Gc:5xWI4ZTAKG\I%H[H1o(ʺ{.K-9?]7-W"Sl{0WԋZikש'~:m|AZ4pYrHoz*XCcMo-bDnxOldd2kZZQIe^S%ݽQEg8QEQEQEQEQEPt[i7zfkwC=˹$B0AJ֍MYϩsog#]?XW=T XzdKMM8lFtwQT<>[_zy_xG>~Cc ?ςs5%O ,2Cd$aS[9$I?L?}R꫄YT7J xFi6Y Zݷ'qƾ !xj@׬KM`yrEtܶ>gZU' bR-]^9hՃ ?Fխkp1ƕ#,2xHf_BױR~UG,F|*0N~џ:FѡLh]ǽyǀP#G:U!<-g^e:QZ(M((((((((((((((((((((((Dd!<P  3 3"((@@@ x NormalCJ_HaJmH sH tH DA@D Default Paragraph FontRi@R  Table Normal4 l4a (k@(No List dOd Default1$7$8$H$-B*CJOJQJ^J_HaJmH phsH tH 4O4 CM2  B*^Jph6O6 CM1d  B*^Jph4@"4 x Header  !4 @24 x Footer  !0U@A0 b Hyperlink>*B*,!z z oW{34Z[67tv* + J K ^ ` a   :;000000000000000000ʀ000000ʀ0ʀ00ʀ0ʀ000000000ʀ0ʀ0ʀ00000000ʀ0ʀ0ʀ0ʀ0ʀ0ʀ0ʀ0ʀ0ʀ0ʀ0ʀ0ʀ0ɀ0ɀ0p0h34Z[67tv+ J K ^ ` a :;@0@0ح̀@0̀ @08\@0̀@0̀@0̀ @08\ @08\ @08\ @08\ @08\ @08 @08 @08 @08 @3` @08 @3`- @3`- @08 @08A.0TA.0TA.0T0 oE10 oE10 oE10 `0 `0 A 0̀ @00@X888;*l,R$ 3;Fy86:3,@D(    c lA. ISOC-AUprintRS`TRS`T"`B S  ?W@"tT$2, ?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRTUVWXYZ\]^_`abeRoot Entry FS]%gData 41Table<S-WordDocumentgSummaryInformation(SDocumentSummaryInformation8[CompObjX FMicrosoft Word DocumentNB6WWord.Document.8